Birth Models Annotated Bibliography

MacDonald, M. Bourgeault, I. (2009). The Ontario Midwifery Model of Care. In Davis-Floyd, R., Barclay, L., Davis, B., Tritten, J. (Ed.), Birth Models that Work (pp. 89 118). Carlifornia: University of California Press. Canadian Midwifery as a profession was not formally recognized until 1994, when it developed into an autonomous profession for many midwives in Canada. Margaret and Ivy set out to study â€Å"Practicing Midwives† in Ontario and the successful integration of midwifery in the province of Ontario from its days as a grassroots social movement to its present status as a full profession. This midwifery model is devoted to offering women-centred, low-tech alternatives to mainstream obstetrical care as such based on the premise that the midwife follows the woman throughout the full course of care from pregnancy to postpartum and attends the birth in the setting chosen by the woman. The nature of midwifery practice varies across Canada; Ontario being common for local women respected with expertise. In fact two-thirds of Ontario hospitals, births are conducted in the presence of midwives thus presenting midwifery in Canada as social practice embedded in women’s domestic culture in which continuity is highly regarded. However, the distinct improvement and integration of the Ontario midwifery practice skills as compared to other national and regional models was as a result of external factors including international influences. This therefore shows that this model can best be described as both a social movement and professionalization project. Additionally, this model reflects the tenets of continuity of care, informed choice and choice of birth place. However, as members of the public and other health care professionals become more aware of midwifery, this situation is expected to change as integration proceeds, whereby most midwives will have access to all settings thus becoming an effective birth model practice. Reed, B. Walton, C. (2009). The Albany Midwifery Practice. In Davis-Floyd, R., Barclay, L., Davis, B., Tritten, J. (Ed.), Birth Models that Work (pp. 141-158). Carlifornia: University of California Press. Desperate for change, a group of midwives working together in South East London won the setup money for a groundbreaking midwifery practice. This group, The South East London Midwifery Group Practice (SELMGP) was a community-based project offering a self-managed midwifery service ensuring continuity of care and career to women living in a deprived inner-city area. After a successful outcome and effectiveness in terms of birth delivery and continuous care, it was renamed the Albany Midwifery Practice and became the first group of National health trust in the United Kingdom to successfully negotiate a sub-contract with a health care trust. The Albany Midwifery Practice is a self-employed and self-managed midwifery group practice. It employs seven midwives in partnership, with two practice support workers and serves a non-clinical base providing antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal care to women for up to twenty-eight days. After successful years of research and experience, Becky and C athy explain in detail why the use of this practice has achieved excellent outcome for women since 1997. They strongly believe in women’s ability to give birth with minimal assistance. Although the Albany Midwifery Practice and the Ontario Midwifery Model of Care show a continuous practice of midwifery and woman-cantered care, however, the Albany Midwifery team model doesn’t show a high-level of continuity of career, and is associated with levels of burnout for midwives. In developed countries it has been demonstrated that the development of a nation wide system of integrated midwives is the single most important factor in reducing maternal mortality. Consequently, due to a steady increase of home births since 2001, the Albany Midwifery model shows an influence on local birthing culture. Penwell, V. (2009). Mercy in Action: Bringing Mother and Baby Friendly Birth Centres to the Philippines. In Davis-Floyd, R., Barclay, L., Davis, B., Tritten, J. (Ed.), Birth Models that Work (pp.337-364). Carlifornia: University of California Press. Vicki Penwell takes an initiative to study the first women admitted for labour and delivery in two charity birth centres in Philippines from 1993 to 2003. The aim of this research was to identify the mortality as a result to poor midwifery practice in the Philippines, thus prompting the evolution of the Mother Baby model of care. This model of care promotes the health and well-being of all women and babies during pregnancy, birth, breastfeeding, setting the gold standard for excellence and superior outcomes in maternity care. Consequently, from this research it revealed that certain practices in Philippines robbed dignity from the mother giving birth, even with the practice of midwifery. This is because midwives are not prepared with the necessary skills or resources for obstetric emergencies. According to the WHO 2005 World Health Report, the world’s greatest current health need is making motherhood safe and saving the lives of newborns. In light of this great tragedy involvi ng pregnant women and infants, and in light of the global shortage of trained midwives as reported by WHO, Vicki together with her husband Scott and family members, colleagues and friends established teaching birth centres offering no-cost care in low-resource areas in the Philippines. As a result Mercy in Action, Inc. was founded. The non-profit organization operated as a charitable funding source and a training centre for midwives. The Mercy in Action Inc. is also attributed for operating birth centres and medical missions in Philippines. This came in the wake to save lives of many mothers and babies lost because of unskilled midwifery practices in the Philippines. In particular, Penwell talks of great increase in successful births outcomes and suggests that demographically high-risk women can still have good birth outcomes using a model of Mother-Friendly care run by midwives in an out-or-hospital setting in a poor and underdeveloped country such as the Philippines. This brings a strong conviction that all maternity service providers should be educated in, provide, and support the Mother-Baby Model of Care, both in Philippines and the entire world. Rising, S. and Jolivet, R. (2009). The Centering Pregnancy Group Prenatal Care Model. In Davis-Floyd, R., Barclay, L., Davis, B., Tritten, J. (Ed.), Birth Models that Work (pp.365-384 ). Carlifornia: University of California Press. The prenatal period encompasses a major life event for women and their families. It heralds the birth of a new family constellation, which brings with it awesome responsibility of parenting. Sharon and Rima take on the initiative of establishing the CenteringPregancy prenatal model of care. This multifaceted model integrates the three major components of prenatal care that is health assessment, education and support into a unified program within a group setting. It also provides a mechanism for continuity of health care into the wider scope of â€Å"continuity of caring† for women and families who form strong bonds during their group experiences together. Therefore, portraying this practice as a woman-centered and community based one. Sharon sees this model as a unique, refreshing approach and a powerful tool towards mother’s care. Consequently, this model also empowers mothers to choose health-promoting behaviours resulting to a positive health outcome including increa sed gestational age for mothers who deliver preterm. Through its use of groups, that provide a dynamic atmosphere of learning and sharing, it satisfies the delivery of prenatal care. This can be attributed to the Spanish-speaking women who through its application, benefited mostly from the comprehensive education. Summarily, this relationship-centered midwifery based model increases satisfaction expressed by both the women and their providers, thereby supporting CenteringPregancy model as an effective practice in terms of delivery of prenatal care.

Essay on Do School Sports Help Prevent Drug Usage

Years and years put to hard work and expansive research still struggle to find the answer to one of the most controversial and complicated struggles that our world has faced since the dawn of our species. Since religions were first invented, drugs were used for rituals, celebrations and as everyday habits. Nowadays, drugs are overtaking the world and its population. Just in the U.S, over 47 million people have experienced some type of illegal drugs and in 2011, around 7 million citizens were registered as drug addicts. Now, is this problem tackable? Are there proven ways to prevent drug usage? Recent surveys and experiments-over-time on students have shown simple yet powerful ways to address this problem. One of the top-used one was†¦show more content†¦In fact, David has done over 15 charities and opened 24 causes for UNICEF, Malaria No More, Help for Heroes, Unite Against AIDS and many more. He also created his own company for the needy: â€Å"Victoria and David Beckham Charitable Trust†. In the contemporary United States, â€Å"redskin† is often referred to as a racial slang; it’s considered to be extremely offensive: â€Å"an r-word for Native Americans equivalent to the n-word for African-Americans† (American Heritage). I believe and am sure that the football team â€Å"Redskin† has absolutely no intention to offend anyone and has no stereotypical connection to Native Americans simply because no text or description/discussion about the team points fingers at no one, making the name and logo politically - not socially - acceptable. The history behind this name goes back to 1967 when 65% of the team involved Indian players and that has nothing to do with any racial-related meanings. It’s the manager’s right to name the team after what they want since no law goes against that freedom. As controversial as it sounds, it’s acceptable and shouldn’t be considered a slur as it doesn’t insult anyone and has no specific meaning. It’s history is just like any team’s history. An example for an actually incorrect and politically inept name are the â€Å"London Rippers†, named after the famous serial killer â€Å"Jack the Ripper†. To choose between Kobe Bryant and LeBron James, IShow MoreRelatedThe Problem Of Drug Education Program Plan1021 Words   |  5 PagesThere are many people who believe that by exposing children to any type of knowledge about drugs it is giving them permission to use them. They do not understand that by exposing the youth to the dangers of drug use it will help in prevent the use of drugs because they know the consequences and side effects. This Drug Education Program Plan will be implemented on middle aged children. During middle school years it can be hard for many kids trying to figure out where they fit in. When faced with difficultiesRead MoreDrug Testing Should Not Be Banned1285 Words   |  6 PagesDebate over drug testing students in school is very controversial. Drug testing students gives the school administration the power to drug test random students at any time. Various schools across the country have implemented these tests. Parents have very different views on this top ic. Some believe that this gives the administration too much power. They also believe that these tests infringe on students rights. Other people believe that these tests are very helpful in decreasing the amount of studentsRead MoreEssay on Routine Drug Testing For High School Athletes1045 Words   |  5 Pagesmiracles than any wonder drug† (Neal). However, many teenagers of this era, large part athletes, seem to think differently and they constantly use illegal drugs. To help fight this problem, many colleges have taken strong actions in trying to stop drug abuse by athletes. High schools throughout the country have considered taking these same actions for various reasons as well. Some people believe that high school athletes ought to be given a routine drug test because it will help prevent them from abusingRead MoreIllicit Drugs Have Become A Big Issue In Today’S Society.1430 Words   |  6 PagesIllicit drugs have become a big issue in today’s society. Many schools feel the need to prevent the increasing use of these illegal and harmful drugs. In order to decrease the number of students who are abusing or just using drugs, many schools have adopted drug testing policies. These drug testing policies vary from school to school; however, they all are testing students involved in extracurricular activities such as school clubs, athletics, and even students who own a parking pass. Although theRead MoreEnhancing Drugs And Its Impact On Academic Integrity Statements At Colleges881 Words   |  4 Pagesacademic integrity statements at colleges. In sports the use of performance-enhancing drugs is considered cheating and is a universally accepted rule. The Tour de France is a bicycle race that tests bikers’ abilities to bike around France without any outside help. Lance Armstrong was stripped of his seven titles of the Tour de France when he admitted to using performance-enhancing drugs. Similar reasoning should be applied to using neur o-enhancing drugs illicitly in college. The illicit use of AdderallRead MoreIs Drug Testing Amongst High School Youths Beneficial?1334 Words   |  5 PagesDrug Testing Amongst High School Youths Drug testing, or DT, is considered to be any test administered to detect the presence of drugs, usually illegal substances, from a blood or urine sample. Major applications include the use to detect performance enhancing drugs in competitive athletes, employment screening used to filter candidates for hiring, and is often used by police to detect alcohol levels in drivers suspected of drunk driving. Historically, it has been applied to incriminate those suspectedRead MoreThe And Innovative Substance Abuse Prevention Education Program1148 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Facing unparalleled drug abuse among the youth in the 1970’s and early 1980’s, visionary Los Angeles Police Chief Daryl Gates and the Los Angeles Unified School District in 1983 launched an unprecedented and innovative substance abuse prevention education program. Children here in the United States and all over the world benefit from having D.A.R.E( Drug Abuse Resistance Education) in their schools. They tea ch children about the importance of avoiding joining gangs, doing drugs, and violence. FoundedRead MorePreventing Teen Substance Abuse Within Rural Areas1205 Words   |  5 PagesPreventing Teen Substance Abuse in Rural Areas Teenagers living in rural communities are more susceptible to drug and alcohol abuse than their urban counterparts. Although it may seem that living in a less populated area would present teens with less opportunity for trouble, the lack of stimulation creates an atmosphere conducive to substance abuse. PsychologyToday.com has listed boredom among the top reasons that teens get themselves into trouble (Lohmann, 2010). Public programs and activities provideRead MoreAcademic Ethical Dilemma: Learning Enhancement Through Chemistry1573 Words   |  7 Pagesmany in the academic world worried. This trend is the increase use of drugs to enhance the brains ability to not only work harder, longer and faster but also to retain that knowledge. Doping is no longer the exclusive realm of sports professionals (Block,2003). Not only does this create opportunities for todays students to excel but it also creates some major ethical issues to be addressed. There are two popular drugs that are reported to be at the forefront of this trend: Ritalin, whichRead MoreDaisy Martinez. Kline. Period 4. 13 April 2017. Drug Penalty1888 Words   |  8 Pages2017 Drug Penalty in Professional Sports Drugs in professional sports has become a problem ever since the 1960s. Whether it is a performance enhancing drug, a recreational drug, alcohol or anything along those lines, drug consumption among professional athletes has become more common over time. Along with drug usage by professional athletes comes the health consequences, punishments and or treatment. The penalty professional athletes face for drug consumption should correspond to each drug consumed

The Best Motivation For An Organization s Success

Leadership is considered to be one of the most important factors that contribute to an organization s success. The role of leader can be rather complicated since as a leader we are responsible for the results of the company and to ensure that all the members of a team work diligently and cooperate well with each other. In addition, leaders are also responsible for creating a positive work environment that promotes efficiency. All in all, successful leadership consists of various aspects that are to be discussed in this paper. 1. Motivation- What do you consider to be your best motivational tool for your staff, and why. In my opinion, the best motivation for the employees is to be honest, trustworthy, and personable. When employees can trust their leaders they tend to be more motivated and involved in the company. To gain my employees trust I always try to relate to my employees and understand their situations. It is vital to keep in mind that the organization consists of people, not robots and everyone has their own unique problems and challenges that can be distractive. As a leader, it is paramount that we relate to our employees on a personal level and this will help gain their trust. This strategy seems to be effective in a long run and can be very positive for the company. Another key element in motivating my staff is leading by example. Leaders that actually lead their employees instead of just barking orders can inspire motivation without saying a word. I believeShow MoreRelatedCreating A Team Building Culture Option1479 Words   |  6 PagesBuilding Culture Option #2 One of the many responsibilities of company leaders is to ensure that their organization is able to compete and excel in the global marketplace. One way organizations are reaching this goal is though a shift in organizational culture. According to Thompson (2014), a company s culture can be defined as its personality or the way in which things are done. When an organization attempts to shift its culture from that of an individual contribution to a team environment, the transitionRead MoreThe Success Or Failure Of Any Firm Or Organization Depends Upon The Competency And Proficiency Of Its Workforce1584 Words   |  7 PagesAssignment Prof Terrell Aicha Diakite GB 540 The success or failure of any firm or organization depends upon the competency and proficiency of its workforce. To improve the performance of a particular organization and its employees, motivation is required from the workforce. Employee maintenance can be practiced by thoroughly motivating the employees in many ways. In the big organizational environment, it is hard for the supervisor to motivate employees as compared to the small organizationalRead MoreHuman Resource Management And Its Importance1517 Words   |  7 Pageseconomy to a knowledge economy era. Economic globalization and improve the level of global competition, organizations have had to make full use of all their resources to ensure its survival and development. As an important resource organization human resource organization also attracted more and more attention. Effective human resource management has become a key organizational development and success. In 1991, the United States, IBM and Tower Perrin consulting firm jointly nearly 3,000 senior humanRead MoreThe Importance Of Management For Ensuring Success1371 Words   |  6 PagesConcepts and theories that can be useful to managers in ensuring success in teamwork projects Introduction: Team work is a group of individual s people that works together in a business Institutions or organisation, and they characterized by integrated skills among themselves, and they have common goals and one purpose, and the reason of setting up a team work is in order to achieve a specific objective or a task requiring a certain coordination and integration among the team members, which canRead MoreMotivation/Reward System1404 Words   |  6 PagesEssay 1: Motivation/Reward System by Blake P. Rodabaugh EDD 9100 CRN 35455 Leadership Seminar Nova Southeastern University January 15, 2012 Essay 1: Motivation/Reward System Employee motivation seems to be at the core of what defines leadership or more importantly a leader. The success or failure of an organization is dependent upon the ability of those in leadership positions and roles to motivate and inspireRead MoreThe Challenges Of Managers Face Today1274 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many different challenges that managers face today that they did not face 50 years ago. Motivation as described by Maccoby consists of 4 R s. Those 4 R s include responsibilities, relationships, reward and reasons. These 4 R s were prevalent in motivation 50 years ago and are the reason why it is harder for companies to keep motivating today. Responsibilities in the workplace 50 years ago were simple, the men would go to work, at jobs that usually involved physical labor, and provideRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Drive By Daniel H. N. Pink1458 Words   |  6 Pagesdangling something, such as a carrot, in front of someone s face or poking them with a stick. If you want a student to do something, why are they motivated with some type of compensation such as an A in the class? In his book, Drive, Daniel H. Pink divides motivation into three categories that evolved over time- Motivation 1.0, 2.0, 3.0. using these theories to challenge this motivation of carrot and sticks. Throughout Pink’s book, motivation is described as an operating system. He tells readers thatRead MoreThe Best Way to Increase Work Motivation for an Organisation Is Through Financial Rewards. Discuss.1711 Words   |  7 Pageseffects of financial rewards on the work motivation of an organization and also whether or not this system of reward can cause an increase in the levels of work motivation already present in the organization. It furthermore aims to discuss weather Financial Rewards are the best way to increase the work motivation present. Although the essay shall primary be focused on Financial Rewards and Work Motivation, other factors that may have an effect on work motivation shall be discussed. For this purpose theRead MoreHcs 325 Motivational Methods Paper1279 Words   |  6 PagesMotivational Methods HCS 325 June 4, 2012 Motivational Methods Motivation is a key aspect in the organization or workplace, and it is imperative to know the basic theory application and methods dealing with any problems that usually unavoidable for the employee and will come up in any work environment. This is a mandatory skills for a leader or future manager to know how important on how to motivate his or her employee to work more efficient. Motivating employees is a big dilemma for managersRead MoreMotivation and Conflict Resolution Essay753 Words   |  4 Pages Motivation and Conflict Resolution Conflict in the workplace is detrimental to employee motivation. An essential part of motivating employees is fostering trust and providing job satisfaction. Effectively resolving conflict is critical to the success of the organization, but is only one aspect of employee motivation. There are motivational theories that help organizations understand workplace relationships, organizational behavior, and their effects on employee motivation. Improved

Is There One True Religion Or Is Religion Man Made

Is there one true religion or is religion man made? In a nutshell, religion is a composed gathering of convictions, social frameworks, and world perspectives that relate humankind to a request for presence. Many religions have accounts, images, and hallowed histories that expect to clarify the importance of life, the beginning of life, or the Universe. Subsequently, these religions may have sorted out practices, ministry, a meaning of what constitutes adherence or participation, blessed spots, places of worship and sacred writings. The act of religion may incorporate customs, sermons, celebration or love penances, celebrations, wedding administrations, or different parts of human society. Religions might likewise contain mythology. The†¦show more content†¦The changes in these generations have not destroyed the religion per say but enhanced continuity and relevance of the religion to the status quo. Preservation of Christianity is based on the core principles such as dogma that is a set of rules that are universally believed to be incontrovertibly true. My Christian background and beliefs, however, have been based on faith rather than rational hypotheses. Is what I believe all a figment of my imagination? In his article, Matt Slick asserts that Christianity is the one true religion (Slick). That is what Christians believe and uphold to the truth despite the lack of plausible evidence to support the hypothesis. Christianity and two other monotheistic religions, Islam and Judaism all refer to Jerusalem as the Holy City (Fraser) but they don’t differ in the ways of worship. Thinking about it, if there is indeed one God, why the difference in religions and ways of worship. Additionally there also inter-religious differences within religions such as Christianity. The debate on the existence or non-existence of a true religion for that matter, in inseparable from the origin of religion. Religion is intended to center the general population s consideration and vitality on a solitary, perpetual, uncompromising and imperceptible preeminent being. The supreme being professedly made a sub-par human race only for some additional brotherhood and affection for himself and afterward

Character Analysis of Miranda in The Grave free essay sample

Mama is a hard working mother who is strong in her roots and ways. The character of Mama In Alice Walkers Everyday use perseveres through tough times and makes the most of what she has. She Is (as the story says on page 161) a big boned woman with rough, man working hands, can kill a hog as mercilessly as a man, can work outside all day and break ice water for washing. I love these things about her because I feel like I can relate to that. We are both hard workers and proud of it. Mama is humorous at times and tough at others.She can do it all except raise her daughters while fully understanding them. She seems to favor her youngest, Maggie, more than her oldest daughter, Dee because Maggie Is more withdrawn and quiet unlike Dee who is headstrong. Mama says she often fought off the temptation to shake her. We will write a custom essay sample on Character Analysis of Miranda in The Grave or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (page 163). Mama is an easy woman to understand and enjoys the simple things in life like sitting and enjoying the breeze in her yard and how comfortable it is (page 161) ND Just sitting and singing church songs to herself (page 163) or milking cows because theyre slow and soothing (page 163).She also has a quick and witty tongue that not even Johnny Carson could keep up with (page 161). Mama is also not afraid to say it like it is, she doesnt sugar coat what needs to be said but goes about it nicely, for example, when Dee/ Hangers asks Mama for the quilts, Mama wastes no time in telling Dee that l promised to give these quilts to Maggie, for when she marries John Thomas. (page 166).Dee gets upset at Mamas reply and storms out and leaves, but Mama Isnt really phased much by it, she lets It roll off her shoulders and asks Maggie to bring her a dip of snuff. then, the two of them Just sit there until Its time to go In and go to bed. (page 167). Shes so easy going and I really admire that. Character Analysis of Miranda in The Grave ay electorates 95 The character of Mama in Alice Walkers Everyday Use perseveres through tough times and makes the most of what she has.She is (as the story says on page pungent, Maggie, more than her oldest daughter, Dee because Maggie is more Indrawn and quiet unlike Dee who is headstrong. Mama says she often fought off sitting and enjoying the breeze in her yard and how comfortable it is (page 161) because theyre slow and soothing (page 163). She also has a quick and witty reply and storms out and leaves, but Mama isnt really phased much by it, she lets it them Just sit there until its time to go in and go to bed. (page 167).

Essay about The Strength Finders Self Assessment Essay Example For Students

Essay about The Strength Finders Self Assessment Essay Summary of StrengthsFinder Results After purchasing and completing the Strength Finders self-assessment, I am now able to determine what my best strengths are in great detail. According to the results of this assessment, my greatest strengths are related to competing, focusing, strategizing, achieving, and planning for the future. When looking at my results, I fell that these strength relate well to what I believe to be my actual strengths. The first strength listed is competition. The strength of competition is believed to be that I am focused on winning. By having the strength of competition, I can clearly identify where my peers are, I can outperform them in anything that is related to competition. I personally believe that business is a competition because if you are not striving to be the best business in a selected industry, than you are not reaching your full potential. The second strength listed the ability to focus. The skill of having focus can be described as having goals that require constant focus. When a person sets goal for themselves or others, they will not be achieved unless they are focused. I believe that in a working an environment, I can achieve more than others in certain time period by having focus. The third strength listed is strategizing. The skill of stargazing can be explained as being able to be open minded and seeing multiple possibilities. When a person can strategize, they are able to plan ahead to find the best possible outcome of any situation. Personally, I believe that with the ability to strategize, I can eliminated some of the risk that is associated with many of the decisions that I will need to make. The fourth strength listed is achieving. The skill of being an achiever is d. .e thing that my company (State Farm Insurance) was trying to do. That is selling policies and developing a long term client base. I displayed my competitive nature my making it a point to make a minimum one hundred calls a day to sell as many policies as I could. Even though it is not the career path that I was looking and did not enjoy doing it, I have a natural competitive nature to be the best.Conclusion In conclusion, this assessment has helped me confirm my strengths of competing, focusing, strategizing, achieving, and planning for the future. I have never sat down and thought about these strengths that I have but now I can understand the reasons why I do the things that I do. Also, it helps with determining the skills and traits of previous and present leaders to see how my strengths can relate in hopes of one day becoming the best leader that I can be.